Which herb has essential oils cineole and camphor and is antioxidant and antimicrobial?

• A. Rubus idaeus
• B. Sambucus nigra
• C. Salix alba
• D. Rosemary

Answer: (D)

The key idea here is recognizing an herb by its essential oil makeup and its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Rosemary is known for a volatile oil that includes 1,8-cineole (cineole) and camphor, and its leaves also boast strong antioxidant compounds like carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid. This combination explains both antimicrobial activity and notable antioxidant effects, making rosemary the best match for an herb described as having cineole and camphor and being antioxidant and antimicrobial. The other plants don’t centers on a cineole/camphor–rich oil profile; raspberry and elder have different principal constituents and activities, while willow’s effects come mainly from salicylates rather than a cineole/camphor–dominant essential oil.