Which herb is described with indications including warts, cancer (topical use), and constipation, with severe toxicity?

• A. Panax quinquefolius
• B. Olea europaea
• C. Podophyllum peltatum
• D. Piscidia erythrina

Answer: (C)

Podophyllum peltatum centers on a potent cytotoxic compound, podophyllotoxin, which is used topically to treat warts (verrucae) and has historical use in topical cancer therapy due to its anti-mitotic action. It is also used internally as a strong laxative to relieve constipation, but this internal use carries a high risk of severe toxicity, including violent GI upset, dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, and potential systemic toxicity. This combination—warts treatment, topical cancer use, and an internal laxative indication with notable danger if misused—fits Podophyllum peltatum most closely. The other herbs lack this specific profile: they do not provide the wart/cancer topical uses or the strong laxative indication with such pronounced toxicity.