Which herb's fruit is used as a hormonal regulator and is indicated for menstrual disorders and PMS?

• A. Theobroma cacao
• B. Vitex agnus-castus
• C. Viburnum prunifolium
• D. Withania somnifera

Answer: (B)

Vitex agnus-castus fruit acts as a hormonal regulator by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Its dopaminergic effects decrease prolactin release from the pituitary, which helps normalize GnRH pulses and balance LH/FSH, improving luteal function. This mechanism underlies its effectiveness for menstrual irregularities and premenstrual symptoms, and the fruit is the part used in preparations.

The other herbs don’t fit this specific hormonal regulatory role. Theobroma cacao is primarily a food-based stimulant with mood effects, not a regulator of menstrual hormones. Viburnum prunifolium is typically used for cramps or as a uterine tonic rather than adjusting hormonal control of the cycle. Withania somnifera is an adaptogen that supports general stress response and reproductive health, but it is not the classic herb specifically indicated for PMS and menstrual disorders through hormonal axis regulation.